Electrical for Dummies

[Marcel R. Cyr]

Just the book I need. ha. ha.
Since this area is Square D mostly, I thought this was pretty interesting.

After all, I have used PC's for Dummies in the past and was great.

http://www.dummies.com/WileyCDA/Dumm...e/id-4797.html

Keeping to Code: Choosing a Circuit Panel and Distribution Panel Location




Adapted From: Wiring Your Digital Home For Dummies

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When installing electrical service in your home, you should carefully choose the circuit panel that meets your needs and follows the electrical codes. Manufacturers produce residential circuit panels in various sizes, including 100-, 125-, 150-, and 200-amp versions. The 100- and 200-amp panels are the most popular. You must also follow the required building codes when choosing a distribution-panel location.
Choosing a circuit panel

It is usually cost-effective to choose a 200-amp panel, especially if you envision a lot of electrical expansion in your home later. The 100-amp panels have a maximum of 32 circuit-breaker spaces, and the 200-amp panels have up to 40 spaces. These panels are equipped with a main circuit breaker; if the panel's main breaker turns off all the power in the residence, or if it's one of up to six such panels in a group that does it, it must be marked as a service disconnect. If they're sub-panels, a MAIN marking label is appropriate.
The electrical code limits the number of circuits in a panel to 42. For a single-phase system, if more than 40 spaces are required, you must install more panels. The largest three-phase panel has 42 circuit spaces. The code also requires that all power be turned off with no more than six hand operations. Additionally, these disconnects are required to be grouped for one occupancy, such as a single-family home or an apartment.
Figure 1 shows a Square D 200-amp 40-circuit panel. Over the years, many manufacturers and styles have come and gone, but Square D uses the same breaker and panel style that they introduced many years ago. A new Square D breaker made today will fit in panels that were installed 40 years ago.


Figure 1: Square D circuit panels have changed little over the years.
Very large houses commonly have panels in scattered locations. By code, the disconnects for these remote panels must be grouped and marked as service disconnects, and each disconnect must be marked for the location it serves. At some accessible location inside or outside the home there must be one to six marked service disconnects that turn off all the power to the home. The main breakers in any remote panels shouldn't be marked as service disconnects. They must be marked with information that states from what source panel they're fed.
Choosing a distribution-panel location

Your distribution panel should be somewhere both safe and convenient. It should not be blocked by obstructions, not only because you need to access it easily during installation and maintenance, but also because you may need to access it quickly in an emergency.
Building codes make the following requirements for panel location:

• The area in which the panel is located must have at least 6.5' of headroom. If the top of the panel exceeds 6.5', the clear working-space requirement is extended to the top of the panel.

• There must be at least 30" of clear wall space from the floor to the ceiling. (Don't worry, the panel doesn't have to be centered.)

• Pipes or ducts may not run above or below the panel.

• If something has to be run over the panel, it must be beyond the front of the panel. To clarify: If a 4"-deep panel is mounted to the wall and a pipe has to be run over the panel area, the pipe must be more than 4" away from the wall and be higher than 6.5'. If necessary, you can install a false ceiling so long as the required 6.5' of headroom is maintained.

• The floor space must be clear to 3' in front of the panel. The combination with the 30" above and the 6.5' height defines a clear working area that is 30" wide by 3' deep by 6.5' tall.

• The area must be lit.

• The panel can't be in a bathroom. Code defines a bathroom as an area with a basin and one or more of the following: a toilet, a tub, or a shower. You also cannot install the panel in a clothes closet.

Normally, the panel's main breaker serves as the service disconnect. If so, the conductors feeding the panel are service-entrance conductors. By code, service-entrance conductors have to be terminated in the panel as near as possible to their point of entry to the building. This usually dictates that the panel be installed on an outside wall or on a stub or partition wall that connects to an outside wall. Service-entrance conductors can be run on the surface outside of a building to any necessary distance, and then brought into a building and terminated in the panel.
The power company usually overfuses the service-entrance conductors. Their fuse is sized to protect their transformer, not your service-entrance conductors. If your service-entrance conductors become shorted, they're likely to burn before the power company's fuse blows. Code considers service-entrance conductors to be outside of the building if they're encased in 2" of concrete. In a basement or on-slab construction, you can run the conductors below the slab to a central location remote from the meter location.


Marcel

[Paul W. Abernathy]

lol....dont tell me that panel is the poster boy for that book, if so it lost all creditworthyness. Guess those connectors are designed for more than (2) cables....lol

[Marcel R. Cyr]

Glad I didn't write the book Paul.

Marcel

[Paul W. Abernathy]

lol....naw..heck probably much better than I could write anyway so all is good.

Problem is I am not sure I want " Dummies " doing electrical work in the first place....

[Pierre Belarge]

Paul
There is a possibility those fittings may be listed for more than 2 cables. I have seen some listed for quite a few. Those are larger than 1/2in though.
One item sticking out like a sore thumb is the bending radius of the supply conductors.
They are most likely 4/0 Al. If so, Table 312.6(A) would require 4 inches of bending radius, which that panel does not have.

[Marcel R. Cyr]

Paul, are those plastic romex connectors legal bunched like that? Assumming they are stapled 12" above the panel?

Curious, and I agree, I would not want Electrical Dummies working for me either.

Marcel

[Paul W. Abernathy]

Originally Posted by Pierre Belarge

Paul
There is a possibility those fittings may be listed for more than 2 cables. I have seen some listed for quite a few. Those are larger than 1/2in though.
One item sticking out like a sore thumb is the bending radius of the supply conductors.
They are most likely 4/0 Al. If so, Table 312.6(A) would require 4 inches of bending radius, which that panel does not have.

Pierre,

I hardly think even a 3/4" or 1" plastic click is rated for what I see in that picture. I think I count ( eight or more in one of them and knowing the largest ko on that side of the main KO is probably 3/4" or 1"... I dont believe in my inspecting around Virginia's Capitol I have seen any rated for that many...sorry.


Also I dont believe I see the "white" conductor in that panel on the 2-pole breaker to the lower left as being re-identified.

Alas.....a poor picture to use as a publication on how it should be done. I am sure someone could stage a better picture of a panel if they wanted. Guess it depends on the publication of the book on the re-identify issue...still a poor picture to use.

[Marc D. Shunk]

The real electrical for dummies:

[Paul W. Abernathy]

Now that book simply does not exist...Marc have you been practicing with PaintShop Pro lately.

[Marc D. Shunk]

Originally Posted by pabernathy

Now that book simply does not exist...Marc have you been practicing with PaintShop Pro lately.

No, PhotoShop, actually. Keep it up and I'm posting one of you in a pink tu-tu posing with a chihuahua dog. What would make that picture so funny would be that nobody would ever suspect that it was faked!

[Paul W. Abernathy]

Originally Posted by Marc D. Shunk

No, PhotoShop, actually. Keep it up and I'm posting one of you in a pink tu-tu posing with a chihuahua dog. What would make that picture so funny would be that nobody would ever suspect that it was faked!

Ok...As for the Pink Tu-tu...I probably DO have one of me already but with a Mountain Fiest under my arm and to the second part...you are 100% correct.

[Stephen W. Stanczyk]

Originally Posted by pabernathy

Ok...As for the Pink Tu-tu...I probably DO have one of me already but with a Mountain Fiest under my arm and to the second part...you are 100% correct.

Gee Paul,

Does the pink tu-tu cover that pink thong? Now where is that picture? Oh that's right, I sent it to the Richmond mayor.....

[Paul W. Abernathy]

Originally Posted by sstanczyk

Gee Paul,

Does the pink tu-tu cover that pink thong? Now where is that picture? Oh that's right, I sent it to the Richmond mayor.....

lol....Maybe he will take it with him when he is booted...opps I mean leaves his office.

[mnahrgang]

Originally Posted by sstanczyk

Gee Paul,

Does the pink tu-tu cover that pink thong? Now where is that picture? Oh that's right, I sent it to the Richmond mayor.....

Thank you for not posting that pic. That's one image I don't care to have burned into my memory.

[Paul W. Abernathy]

Originally Posted by mnahrgang

Thank you for not posting that pic. That's one image I don't care to have burned into my memory.

WHAT....man I look SMASHING in a Tu-Tu !