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by at least 10 feet horizontally or 3 feet below them, and discussed proper condensate drainage practices, emphasizing that secondary lines should not be tied into the primary drain line downstream of the trap. The session also covered how to identify the least likely cause of ice buildup on outdoor AC

courses, our free certification programs, the members-only forum, amazing membership benefits, the Online Inspector Exam, and our free Practice Questions. Free Online Continuing Education Courses: InterNACHI is a Texas/TREC-approved course provider for Inspector Continuing Education (ICE). InterNACHI

moisture, especially condensation. The exception is where an ice barrier is required at the eave. Another exception is for roofs with slopes of less than 4:12. Underlayment should be 30# felt for shake roofs. Observation Hole in flashing apron over a gap. If the fastener was removed there may be a hole

. ​ Observation This is a lower quality tile in Colorado. Flakes have detached in a process called  “spalling”. The photo below shows spalling on a home in the high desert of California. ​ Spalling is caused by absorbed moisture freezing. The expansion of water to ice causes flakes to pop loose

downspouts tied into perimeter drains, and this can be a problem when the ground is frozen. Ice may prevent the system from working. When this happens, homeowners may disconnect the downspout, which may never be re-connected.     You’ll see alternatives to conventional downspouts, such as chains. The idea

to accumulate on the roof and in gutters. In areas subject to ice dam formation, nylon stockings filled with snow-melt chemicals can be used to melt through the dam to allow roof drainage.  As fasteners loosen over time, cap shingles for ridges and hips will often begin to separate and allow moisture

builds up in the attic, causing wood rot, mold growth, and ice dam formation in winter climates. Look for dark staining or discoloration on roof decking, rafters, or trusses—these are signs that moisture has been present long enough to support mold growth or begin the wood decay process. Rusty nails

in density. The density of a hailstone is an indication of how hard it is. The layers of ice, which accumulate as a hailstone grows, often contain air bubbles which make the hailstone softer, lighter and less likely to cause damage.  A low-density hailstone can have more in common with a snowcone

of drip edges or from ice dam problems. Decayed sheathing is softer and easier to tear through. The photo above shows raccoon damage. The photo above shows damage made by squirrels that chewed through these shingles.     The two photos above show entry holes made by squirrels at the base of the valleys

of water and the water will bend right around it. The softening point of water is 32° F. Below this temperature, water becomes brittle because it has turned to ice.  Try putting your hand into a bucket of water that has been exposed to temperatures below its softening point for a while and see how